先看看示例
作者提供的示例，实际效果取决于你的输入和使用工具。
输入
帮我用 Go 写一个带 context 取消和错误聚合的并发抓取器，限制最多 5 个并发。
输出
预期交付：对应 Go 代码示例、模式说明与最佳实践清单。（编辑说明，非实际运行结果）
方法说明
---
name: go-concurrency-patterns
description: Master Go concurrency with goroutines, channels, sync primitives, and context. Use when building concurrent Go applications, implementing worker pools, or debugging race conditions.
---
# Go Concurrency Patterns
Production patterns for Go concurrency including goroutines, channels, synchronization primitives, and context management.
## When to Use This Skill
- Building concurrent Go applications
- Implementing worker pools and pipelines
- Managing goroutine lifecycles
- Using channels for communication
- Debugging race conditions
- Implementing graceful shutdown
## Core Concepts
### 1. Go Concurrency Primitives
| Primitive | Purpose |
| ----------------- | -------------------------------- |
| `goroutine` | Lightweight concurrent execution |
| `channel` | Communication between goroutines |
| `select` | Multiplex channel operations |
| `sync.Mutex` | Mutual exclusion |
| `sync.WaitGroup` | Wait for goroutines to complete |
| `context.Context` | Cancellation and deadlines |
### 2. Go Concurrency Mantra
```
Don't communicate by sharing memory;
share memory by communicating.
```
## Quick Start
```go
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
func main() {
ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
defer cancel()
results := make(chan string, 10)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
// Spawn workers
for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go worker(ctx, i, results, &wg)
}
// Close results when done
go func() {
wg.Wait()
close(results)
}()
// Collect results
for result := range results {
fmt.Println(result)
}
}
func worker(ctx context.Context, id int, results chan<- string, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
defer wg.Done()
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
return
case results <- fmt.Sprintf("Worker %d done", id):
}
}
```
## Detailed patterns and worked examples
Detailed pattern documentation lives in `references/details.md`. Read that file when the navigation tier above is insufficient.
## Best Practices
### Do's
- **Use context** - For cancellation and deadlines
- **Close channels** - From sender side only
- **Use errgroup** - For concurrent operations with errors
- **Buffer channels** - When you know the count
- **Prefer channels** - Over mutexes when possible
### Don'ts
- **Don't leak goroutines** - Always have exit path
- **Don't close from receiver** - Causes panic
- **Don't use shared memory** - Unless necessary
- **Don't ignore context cancellation** - Check ctx.Done()
- **Don't use time.Sleep for sync** - Use proper primitives